Development of Teeth Whitening

Macintosh invented lime chloride bleaching powder.

Dwinelle applied lime vapor to dead pulp teeth.

Truman applied chloride and Labbarraque acetic acid solution (a liquid vapor in soda) to dead teeth.

Woodnut mentioned the application of changing the bleaching agent at each follow-up.

Latimer proposed to use oxalic acid as a bleaching agent on vital pulp teeth.

Bogue tried to use oxalic acid in tooth bleaching agent.

Dr. Chapple was the first to use hydrochloric acid to bleach teeth.

Taft combined oxalic acid and calcium hypochlorite in tooth bleaching.

Harlan published the first case report of using hydrogen peroxide (H202) to bleach teeth, and hydrogen peroxide has become the most important tooth whitening agent since then.

Alkinson compared different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide as a stimulating mouth solution, and found that the luster of teeth changed after surgery, and 25% concentration of hydrogen peroxide had the best effect.

Garretson used air to bleach the surface of dead pulp teeth.

Westlake used pyrazone (a mixture containing 30% hydrogen peroxide and a part of acetaldehyde) in combination with the bleaching experiment of 5-25 times of electronic heating (Ames, 1937), which can successfully remove bottle spots in tooth enamel.

Prins used 30% hydrogen peroxide as a bleaching agent on dead pulp teeth and living storage teeth.

Kaine used a combination of heat lamps and 18% hydrochloric acid (hydrochloric acid) for bleaching in the case of dental fluorosis.

Abbot’s research in 1918 showed that high-intensity light irradiation can accelerate the heating of hydrogen peroxide to bleach teeth, and it was used in cases of vital pulp teeth.

Prinz first used and recorded hydrogen peroxide and perboric acid solution, and in 1924 Prinz first used and recorded hydrogen peroxide and perchloric acid solution, activated by light source, in the case of vital teeth superior.

Beginning in 1930, dental clinics began to use hydrogen peroxide for tooth bleaching, and its technology included often using 30%~35% hydrogen peroxide solution combined with light.

Younger bleached the teeth of 40 children with dental fluorosis aged 8 to 14, and the results showed that this technology was very successful without any side effects.

Pearson applied 35% hydrogen peroxide to dead pulp teeth, or combined 25% hydrogen peroxide and 75% ether under lamp activation, and the photothermal effect produced soluble ether.

Speasser sealed sodium perborate and water in the pulp cavity of dead pulp.

From 1965 to 1988, different methods of tooth bleaching were also tried by different doctors and documented.

Haywood & Heyman put carbamide-hydrogen peroxide (H2NCONH-H202) into the tray to bleach the teeth, which is the mode of home whitening method.

The US FDA approved the tooth whitening method using laser irradiation whitening agent, and then various types of light sources were used as accelerators, and the whitening method with its more effective whitening agent came into being.

So far, a variety of light source tooth bleaching technologies have appeared on the market, as well as gel-based home and office bleaching products with different concentrations, and desensitizers that are relatively used in the tooth bleaching process.